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Data types and Literals in Java

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Data types Data types category:   Data types summary: Literals A constant value which can be assigned to variable is called "Literal". Integral Literals All possible value of Integral data type(byte, short, int and long) are called Integral Literals. Default Value: By default every Integral literal is int type. When you assign a value in long data byte and that value is more than 2147483647(Maximum value for int) then compiler will give you error. Ex: long a = 3000000000; Error: The literal 3000000000 of type int is out of range  Even though we have used long data type and value is also within range of long but still compiler gives error because every integral literal is int type. We can resolve this error by specifying long type explicitly. We can specify long type by suffixing l or L . Ex: long a = 3000000000L; Number System: Integral Literal can be represented as Decimal, Octal and Hexadecimal number systems. L...
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divide by zero in Java

You might be thinking,  divide by zero will throw ArithmeticException. But this is not true for floating point numbers. Divide by zero throws ArithmeticException only when char or integral value are divided by 0. Below two operation throws exception 10/0 'A'/0 If floating point number is divided by 0, output will be Infinity . 10.2/0 -10.3/0 Output: Infinity -Infinity
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equals() method of Object class in Java

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When you compare two object references using == operator, it evaluate to true only when both references refer to same object. public class Person { private Integer id; private String name; public Person(Integer id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p1 = new Person(1, "Prithvi"); Person p2 = p1; Person p3= new Person(1, "Prithvi"); System.out.println(p1==p2); System.out.println(p1==p3); } } Output: true false We have created 3 references of Person class. Object references p1 and p2 both refer to same object so comparison evaluate to true. Comparison of p1 and p3 evaluate to false, even though p3 has same contents as p1 but refer to different object so comparison returns false. Below image explains this - Objects p3 and p1 are meaningfully equal. We must have some way to see their content are same or not. But the question is, How will you compare two different object...
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